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8.Pharmaceutical Raw Materials And Pharmaceutical Intermediates
In-depth analysis of the Mechanism of Action
1. Physical adsorption is dominant
- Micropore retention: Micropores with a pore size of less than 2 nm efficiently capture small molecule pigments (such as HMF) and heavy metal ions.
- Specific surface area effect: A surface area of over 1000 m²/g provides a vast number of adsorption sites. For instance, the adsorption capacity of coconut shell carbon for benzene series substances can reach 300 mg/g.
2. Enhanced chemical functionalization
- Surface modification: Silver-loaded carbon inhibits microbial reproduction (Escherichia coli killing rate >99%); Phenolic adsorption enhanced by alkaline carbon (efficiency ↑56.87%);
Targeted design: Iron oxide loaded with carbon is specifically designed for sulfides and is suitable for sulfur-containing active pharmaceutical ingredient workshops.
3. Dynamic optimization
- Diffusion control: Mesopores (2-50 nm) accelerate mass transfer of pollutants and prevent micropore blockage;
- Regeneration cycle: Hot regeneration (800℃) to restore the iodine value to >800, and repeat 5 to 8 times (verified in gold smelting).
Activated carbon in the pharmaceutical field serves as both a "purification guardian" (from raw materials to intermediates) and a "life defense line" (detoxification and blood purification). Its porous structure and surface engineering will continue to empower drug safety and green manufacturing.
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The mechanism and application of activated carbon in the pharmaceutical industry |
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Application link |
Core role |
Mode of action |
Activated carbon type |
Key process parameters/cases |
Technical feature |
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Refining of active pharmaceutical ingredients |
Decolorization and impurity removal |
Physical adsorption (micropores retain pigment macromolecules, specific surface area 300-1500 m²/g) |
PAC |
Addition amount: 0.1%-1.5%, pH: 3-7, temperature: 40-70℃; The decolorization rate of xylitol is over 97% |
Avoid excessive adsorption to prevent the loss of active ingredients
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Purification of pharmaceutical intermediates |
Purification of solvents/reaction media |
Selectively adsorb metal ions (such As Pb²⁺, As³⁺) and organic by-products |
GAC |
ppmDynamic flow velocity: 1-2 BV/h The heavy metal residue in the circulating solvent is less than 0.1 ppm |
Extend the service life of the solvent and reduce production costs |
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Pharmaceutical environmental control |
VOCs and Waste Gas treatment |
Physical adsorption (van der Waals forces) is the main method, supplemented by chemical adsorption (functional groups on the surface of modified carbon) |
Box-type carbon tower |
The TVOC removal rate is over 95%, and the pressure drop is less than 150 Pa. The TVOC of pharmaceutical enterprises in Shandong has decreased from 1.2 mg/m³ to 0.45 mg/m³ |
Modular design, suitable for GMP cleanliness requirements |
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Medicinal activated carbon |
Oral antidote |
Adsorb gastrointestinal toxins (molecular weight 150-500 Da) and block blood absorption |
Medical-grade powdered carbon |
Dose: 1 g/kg body weight; Administer the drug within 30 minutes for poisoning first aid, and the poison clearance rate is 50-60% |
It should be avoided to be used in combination with anticoagulants and antiviral drugs |
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Hemoperfusion purification |
Directly adsorb uremic toxins and drug residues (such as excessive antibiotics) in the blood |
Coated carbon particles |
The blood flow rate is 200 mL/min; The creatinine clearance rate of patients with uremia increased by 40% |
The biocompatible coating prevents the leakage of carbon particles |
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Effluent treatment |
Removal of refractory organic substances |
Ozone combined catalysis (·OH radical oxidation) + activated carbon adsorption synergistic effect |
O₃/GAC combined process |
When the flow rate of O₂ is 120 L/h + GAC 30 g, the COD removal rate is 92% |
Break through the limitations of traditional adsorption capacity |
Shanxi ATTA Carbon Technology Co., Ltd.
Contact Us
Office Add：Room 201,Unit2,Building7th,Huarunyuefu,No.27ChangxingSd, Wanbailin District,Taiyuan,Shanxi PR.China.
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