Applications
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12.Medical And Therapeutic Applications
Activated carbon plays an important role in the field of medical treatment and health care by virtue of its huge specific surface area (500-1500 m²/g), well-developed pore structure (micropores <2 nm, mesopores 2-50 nm, macropores >50 nm) and excellent biocompatibility. Its core mechanism of action is physical adsorption (molecules captured by van der Waals forces) and chemical adsorption (bonding of functional groups on the surface), which reduces the absorption of harmful substances and promotes their elimination by adsorbing toxins, pathogens and metabolic wastes. In medicine, activated carbon is not only the ‘first aid pioneer’ (poison rescue), but also the ‘blood scavenger’ (perfusion purification); in health care, it is the ‘environmental guardian’ (mould removal and water purification) and the ‘pain killer’. ‘Pain killer’ (external anti-inflammatory). However, it is necessary to strictly follow the principles of ‘medical grade standard’ and ‘short-term use’ to avoid misuse leading to nutritional imbalance or drug failure. In the future, with the popularity of targeted biochar (e.g. polyamine charcoal) and intelligent drug delivery systems, activated charcoal will continue to expand its medical boundaries and become a key medium for ‘green therapy’.
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Summary Table of Activated Carbon Applications in Medicine and Healthcare |
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Application areas |
Mechanism of action |
Typical Case |
Effectiveness and limitations |
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Acute toxicity |
Adsorption of gastrointestinal toxicants (molecular weight 150-500 Da) |
Ambien overdose oral 20g suspension |
Effective for use within 1 hour, not effective against cyanide |
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Haemoperfusion |
Direct adsorption of large molecule toxins in blood |
Creatinine clearance ↑40% in uremic patients |
Requires specialised equipment, may cause thrombocytopenia |
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Diarrhoea/flatulence |
Adsorption of bacterial toxins and gases |
Acute diarrhoea 5g of powdered activated carbon reduces the duration of the disease by 50%. |
Prolonged use causes constipation |
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Cancer Support |
Targeted release of carrier + lymph node staining |
Adsorption of residual toxins from chemotherapy after gastric cancer surgery |
Prolonged survival, but not a substitute for mainstream treatment |
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Anti-inflammatory (medicine) for external use |
Adsorption of wound pus and inflammatory mediators |
Arthritis activated carbon poultice applied for 30 minutes for pain relief |
Effective for superficial inflammation, antibiotics needed for deeper infections |
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Daily Detox |
Adsorption of pesticides/heavy metals |
Take before drinking to prevent hangovers |
Weak direct adsorption of alcohol, need to be used in advance |
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Environmental protection |
Purification of water/air pollutants |
Traveller field water with powdered activated carbon |
Traveller field water with powdered activated carbon |



















